Lighting Control Systems: Why They Matter & How Contractors Can Choose the Right One

By Emily Lai, LC

Lighting control systems are becoming an essential component of modern commercial and residential construction projects. With energy codes growing increasingly stringent and clients demanding smarter, more sustainable buildings, contractors are being tasked with not just installing lighting but also ensuring the controls meet both performance expectations and code compliance. This article explores why lighting control systems are important, how contractors should approach selecting the right one, and the balance between following the specification and suggesting value-driven alternatives.

Why Lighting Control Systems Are Crucial

At first glance, lighting controls might seem like an extra layer of complexity in a project. However, their benefits far outweigh the challenges when they are properly designed and installed.

1. Energy Savings: Controls like occupancy sensors, daylight harvesting systems, and programmable timeclocks help reduce energy consumption, meeting or exceeding codes like ASHRAE 90.1 or Title 24.
2. User Experience: Well-designed systems enhance occupant comfort. For example, dimming systems can create optimal lighting conditions for different tasks, while automated controls minimize manual intervention.
3. Maintenance Efficiency: Advanced systems provide fault detection and real-time monitoring, allowing facilities teams to address issues before they become costly problems.
4. Long-Term Value: A robust system can future-proof a building, allowing for scalability or integration with other systems like HVAC and building management systems (BMS).

Following Specifications: A Roadmap for Contractors

Construction drawings and specifications represent the engineer’s intent and the project owner’s requirements. For contractors, these documents are not merely suggestions; they are the foundation upon which the project is built. Understanding and adhering to the specifications is critical for ensuring the project’s success, but it’s equally important to approach them with a critical and informed perspective.

1. Study the Specifications Thoroughly

Before purchasing or installing anything, take the time to review the construction documents. These will outline the required control strategies – whether it’s occupancy sensing, daylight harvesting, or networked dimming systems – and specify the approved manufacturers and models. Look for critical details such as:

• Control zones and how they’re defined
• The integration of the system with other building automation systems
• Special requirements like emergency lighting controls or demand response capabilities

2. Collaborate With Stakeholders Early

Specifications may not always align perfectly with real-world conditions, so it’s vital to engage with the design team, manufacturer representatives, and commissioning agents early. By doing so, you can:

• Clarify any ambiguities in the specification
• Address potential issues with product availability or installation
• Ensure your team understands how the specified system integrates with other systems in the building

3. Understand the “Why” Behind Specifications

The specification is not arbitrary; it reflects the project’s design goals. Whether it’s meeting energy codes, achieving specific aesthetic outcomes, or integrating with advanced IoT systems, understanding these goals will help you implement the system as intended. Additionally, this knowledge positions you to suggest thoughtful alternatives when appropriate.

Opportunities for Alternates: Adding Value Without Compromising

While following the specification is critical, there are situations where proposing an alternate system can provide value. This might stem from supply chain challenges, cost considerations, or the availability of a newer, more efficient solution. However, alternates must be approached with care and a focus on quality.

1. Evaluate the Big Picture

When considering alternates, look beyond the initial cost. The cheapest product might save a few dollars upfront, but can lead to increased costs in commissioning, integration, or long-term maintenance. For instance:

• A low-cost time clock might not integrate seamlessly with an HVAC system, leading to inefficiencies
• Cheaper occupancy sensors might have limited sensitivity, resulting in frequent complaints from building occupants

2. Align With Project Goals

Any proposed alternate must meet or exceed the original specification in performance and functionality. Ensure that:

• The system complies with energy codes and standards like ASHRAE 90.1, Title 24, or LEED certification requirements
• It’s compatible with other systems, such as emergency lighting or BMS
• It doesn’t compromise the end-user experience or building aesthetics

3. Engage Engineers and Owners

Proposing an alternate is not just about providing options; it’s about demonstrating value. When presenting an alternate, provide documentation showing:

• Cost comparisons, including installation and maintenance
• Performance equivalency or improvements
• Long-term benefits, such as reduced energy consumption or easier commissioning

Involving engineers and owners in the discussion ensures transparency and helps build trust. Their buy-in can make the difference between a successful recommendation and a rejected proposal.

Avoid the “Race to the Bottom”

In the competitive world of contracting, it’s tempting to prioritize cost above all else. After all, a lower bid often wins the job. However, when it comes to lighting controls, a “race to the bottom” approach can lead to long-term consequences that far outweigh the initial savings.

1. Understand the Risks

Cutting corners on lighting control systems can result in:

• Increased Callbacks: If the system doesn’t perform as expected, contractors may have to revisit the project, incurring additional labor and material costs.
• End-User Dissatisfaction: Poorly designed or implemented systems can frustrate building occupants and facility managers, reflecting poorly on everyone involved in the project.
• Higher Maintenance Costs: Cheaper systems often lack robust warranties or technical support, leaving building owners with higher ongoing costs.

2. Focus on Long-Term Value

Rather than competing solely on price, emphasize the value you bring to the table. Highlight your expertise, attention to detail, and ability to deliver a system that meets or exceeds expectations. For example:

• Quality Assurance: Use products with proven reliability and robust technical support.
• Comprehensive Commissioning: Ensure the system is fully tested and operational before handover.
• Post-Installation Support: Provide training for end-users or facility staff to ensure they can operate the system effectively.

3. Educate the Client

Sometimes owners and developers may not fully understand the implications of choosing the cheapest system. Take the time to educate them about:

• The long-term cost of ownership
• How advanced systems can improve building operations and tenant satisfaction
• The risks of non-compliance with energy codes, which could lead to fines or costly retrofits

By shifting the conversation from cost to value, you can differentiate yourself from competitors and build a reputation for delivering high-quality projects.

Conclusion

Lighting control systems are not just a code requirement — they are an opportunity for contractors to deliver smarter, more efficient, and more valuable projects. By following the specification, identifying opportunities for thoughtful alternates, and avoiding the pitfalls of low-cost, low-quality solutions, contractors can enhance their reputation and improve project outcomes.

When in doubt, remember: a good lighting control system doesn’t just turn lights on and off — it delivers value to the client and peace of mind to the contractor. Invest the time to choose and implement the right system, and you’ll see the results shine through.

About the Author

Emily Lai, LC, is Commercial Regional Sales Manager at ETC